Understanding Root Canals for Children

March 07, 2025 ABC Children's Dentistry

A root canal is a dental procedure used to treat infected or severely damaged teeth. While it is commonly associated with adults, children may also require root canals to save their primary (baby) or permanent teeth. Understanding when and why a child might need a root canal, along with the procedure and recovery process, can help parents make informed decisions about their child’s dental health.

Why Would a Child Need a Root Canal?

Children may need root canals for several reasons, including:

1. Severe Tooth Decay – If cavities are left untreated, the decay can reach the inner pulp of the tooth, leading to pain and infection.
2. Dental Trauma – A fall or an impact from sports can cause damage to a tooth, potentially leading to nerve exposure or infection.
3. Abscessed Tooth – When an infection forms at the root of the tooth, it can cause swelling, pain, and pus formation, requiring immediate treatment.
4. Persistent Tooth Pain – If a child complains of a severe or lingering toothache, it may be a sign that the nerve inside the tooth is damaged.

The Root Canal Procedure for Children

A pediatric root canal, also called a pulpotomy or pulpectomy, depends on the extent of the damage.

• Pulpotomy – If the infection or decay is limited to the upper portion of the pulp, the dentist will remove the affected pulp, disinfect the area, and place a medicated filling. This is common for baby teeth.
• Pulpectomy – If the entire pulp is infected, including the root canals, the dentist removes all infected tissue, disinfects the canals, and fills them with a biocompatible material before sealing the tooth. This is similar to an adult root canal and is typically performed on permanent teeth.

What to Expect During and After the Procedure

A root canal for children is usually performed under local anesthesia, and in some cases, sedation may be used for anxious children. The dentist or endodontist will carefully remove the infected pulp, clean and disinfect the tooth, and fill it to prevent reinfection. A crown is often placed on the tooth afterward to protect it.

After the procedure, mild discomfort is common for a few days, but over-the-counter pain relievers and soft foods can help. Most children recover quickly and can return to normal activities within a day or two.

The Importance of Saving Baby Teeth

Some parents may wonder why a root canal is necessary for baby teeth that will eventually fall out. However, preserving baby teeth is important for:

• Maintaining space for permanent teeth to grow correctly.
• Preventing speech and chewing difficulties.
• Avoiding premature tooth loss, which can lead to misalignment issues.

Preventing the Need for Root Canals

Good oral hygiene, regular dental visits, fluoride treatments, and wearing mouthguards during sports can help prevent the need for a root canal.  Remember–it is always better to prevent than to treat!

Root canals for children are a safe and effective way to treat infected or damaged teeth. While the procedure may sound intimidating, it can relieve pain and prevent further dental problems. Parents should consult a pediatric dentist if their child experiences persistent tooth pain or damage.

At ABC Children’s Dentistry, we work with parents to ensure that their children receive the best possible care.  If you have questions about root canals or other procedures for your child, speak to our professionals today!